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AIDS vaccination breakthrough - CD8 killer T-cells can attack HIV and a stronger immune response can force HIV into a permanent defensive state
Clinical microbiology may have created the biggest sensation among the 33 million affected AIDS patients all around the world.
The AIDS virus infects at least 33 million people globally and more than a million in the United States. It has killed 25 million people since it was identified in the early 1980s. New figures show 56,000 people are infected every year in the United states, mostly gay and bisexual men but also injecting drug users and their sexual partners, both male and female, as well as newborns and recipients of contaminated blood transfusions.
Clinical microbiologists find that in some cases immune cells known as CD8 T-cells attack HIV and initiates a stronger immune response that forces HIV into a permanent defensive state.
However, the scientists cannot understand how that happens.
A clinical study over 10 years showed that Infected at least 10 years ago by her husband, the woman is able somehow to naturally control the deadly and incurable virus -- even though her husband must take cocktails of strong HIV drugs to control his.
Tests showed that immune cells CD8 T-cells from the wife stalled HIV replication by as much as 90 per cent, while the husband's T-cells stopped it by only 30 per cent, Blankson's team reported in the Journal of Virology.
The researchers are eager to find the differences in the immune system of the husband and the wife. But they fail to understand the real difference. Cytokines are immune system signaling proteins. One thing the researchers have noticed is that while the husband's T-cells make just one, called gamma interferon, hers made both that one and another called TNF, or tumor necrosis factor. That cannot be the whole story, though, because AIDS researchers have tried using such immune system proteins in patients and they did not work well.
Biomedical engineering can help. A mathematical modeling of the CD8 T-cells interactions and the immune system of the wife and the husband can solve the puzzle. The analytic and computational models can pin point the differences and help develop the vaccine for AIDS.
TECHNOLOGY ARTICLES
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